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C4-3uEp 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2012  with  funding  from 

University  of  Illinois  Urbana-Champaign 


http://archive.org/details/universitypressOOuniv 


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Decennial  Publications 


THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 


The  Decennial  Publications 

FIRST  SERIES 

Two  volumes  of  Reports  and  eight  Volumes  of  Investigations,  the  latter  consisting-  of  a  collec- 
tion of  articles  representing  the  eareh  of  the  'several  departments  of  the  Univer- 
sity.    Size,  quarto"; 

Volume  I.   The  'President's  Report.     A.  Administration. 

Volume        II.   The  President's  Report.     B.    Publications  of  the  Members  of  the  University. 

HI.    Part  1.-  -Systematic  Theolog,-   Church  History.  Practical  Theology. 
Part  2.  -    Philosophy,  Education. 


Volume       TV 


Political  Science,  History.  Socioh 


Volume        V.    Semitic  Languages  and  Literatures.  Biblical  and  Patristic  C 
Religion.  •  ■  :     ... 


Volume      VL   G*eek  Language  and  Literature,  Latin  Language  and  Literature,  Sanskrit 
Indo-Europ  larative  Philology;  Classical  Archaeology. 


Volume     VII.    Romance   Languages  ami    Literatures,  Germanic    I. 
English,  Literature  in  English. 


md  Literature 


Volume  VIII.    Astronomy  and  Astrophysics. 

Volume       IX.    Mathematics.  Physi,  s.  Chemistry,  Geology. 

Volume        X.   ZoOlog'y,  Anatomy,  Physiology,  Neurology,  Botany,  Pathology.  Bacteriology! 

SECOND   SERIES 

A  series  of  volumes  embodying  original  research,  consisting1  of  systematic  treatises,  unpublisl 
documents,  and  the  like.     Size,  octavo. 


UNIVERSITY    OF    ILLINOIS 
LIBRARY 

HOOK  CLASS  VOLUME 


THE    UNIVERSITY  OF    CHICAGO 

FOUNDED   BY  JOHN   D.   ROCKEFELLER 


The  Decennial  Publications 


THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 


PRINTED  FROiM  VOLUME  I 


CHICAGO 

THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  CHICAGO  PRESS 

1904 


F  sjj 


THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 

'/'<>  the  President  of  the  University : 

Sir:  I  submit  herewith  a  report  on  the  University  Press  for  the  ten  years  ending  June 
30,  1902: 

I.    ORIGIN  AND  ORGANIZATION 

In  the  development  of  a  great  institution  of  learning  publication  of  the  literary  and 
scientific  contributions  of  members  of  the  teaching  staff  has  always  been  fraught  with  grave 
problems,  because  of  the  difficulty  in  securing  adequate  financial  assistance  to  carry  on  even  the 
more  important  undertakings.  The  experience  of  those  engaged  in  the  task  of  securing  funds  for 
educational  purposes  uniformly  has  been  that  it  is  vastly  more  easy  to  interest  capital  in  a 
building  needed  for  a  college  or  university  than  it  is  to  secure  support  for  the  endowment  of 
instruction;  and  the  question  of  making  available  to  students  in  general  the  results  of  scientific 
research  has  been  equally  serious.  As  a  consequence,  much  scientific  material  in  America  has 
remained  unpublished,  because  it  has  not  been  possible  to  interest  capital  in  the  development 
of  a  business  organization  adequate  to  place  scientific  books  and  periodicals  in  the  regular 
trade  channels  with  profit. 

The  idea  of  a  press  controlled  by  a  university  was  first  worked  out  in  England,  and  the 
great  example  of  what  may  be  accomplished  is  found  at  Oxford,  where  a  mammoth  institution 
has  grown  up,  its  origin  dating  back  to  the  fifteenth  century.  In  its  scope  it  covers  the  entire 
field  of  printing  and  publishing.  The  varied  processes  of  engraving,  lithographing,  printing, 
etc.,  are  conducted,  printing  materials  manufactured,  and  the  finished  product  distributed  or 
sold.  In  America,  however,  the  idea  has  been  slow  of  development  and  until  very  recently  the 
scientific  output  of  our  institutions  of  learning  has  been  left  to  commercial  houses  under 
uncertain  and  changing  arrangements. 

That  a  University  Press  should  form  an  integral  part  of  the  University  of  Chicago  was 
prominent  in  the  minds  of  the  founders  at  an  early  stage  in  the  organization  of  the  institution. 
The  possibility  of  combining  the  large  volume  of  miscellaneous  printing  required  by  such  an 
institution  with  the  work  of  issuing  its  several  scientific  periodicals  already  undertaken 
furnished  a  foundation  on  which  to  build.  From  this  beginning  it  was  hoped  that  it  might  be 
possible  to  develop  an  organization  which  would  care  both  for  the  circulation  of  its 
magazines  and  for  the  distribution  of  the  official  documents  of  the  University,  as  well  as  for 
the  sale  of  books  and  pamphlets,  the  publication  of  which  was  in  contemplation.  No  published 
plans,  however,  are  found  for  this  work  prior  to  the  opening  of  the  University  in  1892.  In  the 
announcement  of  the  several  Bulletins  bearing  on  the  organization  of  the  University  of  Chicago 
one  was  to  be  devoted  to  The  University  Press,  but  the  document  was  never  issued,  and  the 
first  outline  in  printed  form  of  an  organization  is  found  in  a  collation  of  the  statutes  of  the 
University,  bearing  date  of  June  27,  1893,1  embodying  the  actions  of  the  Trustees  prior  thereto. 
At  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  1892-93  plans  of  organization  had  been  adopted  which  recog- 
nized The  University  Press  as  one  of  the  five  Divisions  of  the  University,  with  separate 
departments  of  Manufacturing,  Publication,  Purchase,  and  Ketail.  Provision  was  made  for 
the  general  management  to  be  in  the  hands  of  a  Director,  with  a  Board  of  Administration 
appointed  from  the  University  Faculties.     While  plans  were  being  matured  for  the  opening 

^Annual  Register  of  the  University  of  Chicago,  1892-93,  pp.  3-8. 

291 


r 


1335! 


292  The  President's  Report 

of  the  University,  its  bulletins  and  miscellaneous  announcements2  were  parceled  out  to 
various  commercial  printing  firms,  generally  bearing,  however,  the  imprint  of  "  The  University 
of  Chicago  Press." 

The  earliest  recommendation  looking  toward  the  organization  of  The  University  Press  was 
made  April  11,  1892,  when  a  communication  was  presented  to  the  Board  of  Trustees  from 
Messrs.  D.  C.  Heath  &  Co.,  of  Boston,  outlining  a  plan  of  co-operation  between  the  University 
of  Chicago  and  a  printing  and  publishing  house  to  be  incorporated  on  a  separate  basis,  the 
same  to  be  known  as  The  University  of  Chicago  Press.  The  proposition  contemplated  that  the 
new  corporation  should  provide  a  printing  plant  adequately  equipped,  a  bookstore  at  the 
University,  and  an  organization  for  the  purchase  of  library  books,  and  laboratory  supplies  and 
equipment.  It  was  further  stipulated  that  the  new  corporation  should  be  the  exclusive  agent 
of  the  University  in  all  matters  of  printing,  publishing,  and  purchasing.  At  a  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  University  held  May  17,  1892,  the  proposition  was  accepted,  and  a 
contract  based  thereon  was  authorized  and  afterward  duly  executed  between  the  parties,  its 
agreements  being  made  effective  from  and  after  July  1,  1892,  The  University  of  Chicago  Press 
in  the  meantime  having  been  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  state  of  Illinois.  Business  was 
conducted  under  this  agreement  until  July  1,  1894,  at  which  time,  by  mutual  consent,  the 
contract  was  canceled  as  of  that  date,  and  the  transactions  thereafter  were  conducted  by  the 
University  as  its  directly  administered  University  Press,  its  imprint  continuing  to  be  "  The 
University  of  Chicago  Press." 

II.    SCOPE  AND  MANAGEMENT 
I.    PERIOD  OF  PRIVATE  OWNERSHIP  (1892-93  AND  1893-94) 

During  the  first  fiscal  year  the  administrative  organization  was  as  follows:  Director — 
Daniel  C.  Heath;  members  of  the  Board  of  Administration  —  President  William  R.  Harper, 
Chainnan;  Recorder  Charles  R.  Henderson,  Secretary;  and  Messrs.  Eri  B.  Hulbert,  J.  Laurence 
Laughlin,  Henry  H.  Donaldson,  Ira  M.  Price,  and  Francis  A.  Blackburn. 

During  the  first  year  special  attention  was  given  to  the  organization  of  the  manufacturing 
plant  and  to  the  retail  sale  of  books  and  stationery.  The  operations  of  the  manufacturing 
plant  were  conducted  in  connection  with  the  firm  of  R.  R.  Donnelley  &  Sons  Co.,  at  144  Monroe 
street,  and  temporary  quarters  for  the  Purchase  and  Retail  Department  were  provided  in  Cobb 
Lecture  Hall,  Fifty -eighth  street  and  Ellis  avenue. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  second  year,  July  1,  1893,  Director  Heath  found  it  impossible  to 
continue  his  active  connection  with  the  affairs  of  The  University  Press,  and  Mr.  Charles  W. 
Chase  was  appointed  Vice-Director.  The  Administrative  Board,  with  the  exception  of  the 
Recorder,  who  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Howard  B.  Grose,  was  continued. 

During  the  first  half  of  the  second  year,  with  the  increasing  volume  of  business,  it  became 
apparent  that  the  plans  which  had  been  made  for  carrying  on  the  manufacturing  interests 
were  inadequate.  From  the  editorial  standpoint  it  was  found  to  be  a  great  inconvenience 
to  have  the  mechanical  department  so  far  from  the  University,  and,  looking  into  the 
future,  it  was  evident  that  The  University  Press,  as  an  institution,  could  not  be  successfully 
operated  without  closer  contact  with  the  University  itself.  The  situation  was  presented  to  the 
Board  of  Trustees  by  its  Committee  on  Organization  and  Faculties  January  30,  1894.  After  a 
discussion  extending  over  several  weeks,  a  new  proposition  was  made  and  accepted  by  the 
Board  of  Trustees  April  3,  1894,  providing  for  the  purchase  of  the  equipment  and  stock  of  The 
University  of  Chicago  Press  and  for  the  termination  of  its  business  as  a  private  corporation. 

2  All  documents  issued  prior  to  July  1,  1892,  are  now  out  of  priut. 


The  University  Press  293 


Pending  organization  under  the  direct  control  of  the  University,  the  affairs  were  in  the  hands 
of  a  special  committee  composed  of  Messrs.  William  R.  Harper,  Henry  A.  Rust,  and  Edward 
Goodman. 

II.    TERIOD  OF  UNIVERSITY  OWNERSHIP  (1894-95  TO  1901-2) 

The  assumption  of  financial  responsibility  on  the  part  of  the  University  resulted  in  an 
enlargement  of  the  field  of  activities  anticipated  by  few  of  those  interested  in  the  undertaking 
early  in  its  inception.  The  manufacturing  plant,  which  consisted  largely  of  body  type,  with  a 
small  job  equipment,  was  transferred  from  the  down-town  district  to  the  University  Quad- 
rangles and  located  in  the  temporary  gymnasium  and  library  building  near  the  corner  of  Fifty- 
seventh  street  and  Lexington  avenue.  As  occasion  demanded,  the  equipment  was  increased, 
so  that  in  a  short  time  all  composition  was  done  at  first  hand. 

Mr.  Charles  W.  Chase  was  advanced  from  the  position  of  Vice-Director  to  that  of  Director, 
dating  from  July  1,  1894,  which  position  he  held  for  the  succeeding  two  years.  The  personnel 
of  the  Administrative  Board  during  this  period  was  as  follows:  President  William  R.  Harper, 
Chairman;  Recorder  Howard  B.  Grose,  Secretary;  and  Messrs.  Eri  B.  Hulbert,  J.  Laurence 
Laughlin,  Henry  H.  Donaldson,  Ira  M.  Price,  and  Francis  A.  Blackburn.  Recorder  Howard  B. 
Grose,  as  Secretary  of  the  Board,  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  George  S.  Goodspeed  during  1894-95. 
The  field  of  the  Purchase  and  Retail  Department  was  enlarged,  and  special  attention  was  given 
to  the  method  of  procuring  library  books. 

In  the  spring  of  1896  Director  Chase  was  obliged  by  ill-health  to  resign  his  position,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Hazlitt  Alva  Cuppy.  During  Mr.  Cuppy's  administration,  which 
extended  over  the  fiscal  year  1896-97  and  a  portion  of  the  following  year,  the  lines  of  work 
already  organized  were  developed,  special  efforts  being  given  toward  increasing  the  circulation 
of  the  several  departmental  journals  which  had  been  established.  Under  Mr.  Cuppy's  guid- 
ance a  substantial  advertising  patronage  was  secured,  which  has  since  enjoyed  material  increase. 
With  the  enlarging  field  of  the  journals  it  was  found  necessary  to  provide  more  adequate  office 
room,  and  administrative  quarters  were  assigned  to  The  University  Press  in  the  Hull  Botanical 
Laboratory,  near  the  corner-  of  Fifty-seventh  street  and  Lexington  avenue. 

During  the  year  1896-97  the  Administrative  Board  was  made  up  as  follows:  President 
William  R.  Harper,  Chairman;  Recorder  George  S.  Goodspeed,  Secretary;  and  Messrs.  Hazlitt 
Alva  Cuppy,  J.  Laurence  Laughlin,  Thomas  C.  Chamberlin,  John  M.  Coulter,  Albion  W.  Small, 
George  E.  Hale,  Charles  H.  Thurber,  Eri  B.  Hulbert,  Henry  H.  Donaldson,  Francis  A.  Black- 
burn, Ira  M.  Price,  and  Ernst  Freund.  The  enlargement  of  the  Board  was  brought  about  by 
the  increase  in  the  number  of  departmental  journals.  The  membership  remained  the  same 
during  1897-98  and  1898-99,  with  the  one  change  in  the  Directorship  of  The  Press. 

In  the  spring  of  1898  Mr.  Cuppy  resigned  his  position  as  Director  of  The  University  Press, 
and  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Ned  Arden  Flood,  who  held  the  position  until  January,  1900.  Dur- 
ing Mr.  Flood's  connection  with  The  Press  special  attention  was  given  to  perfecting  the  details 
of  the  various  lines  of  organization,  with  emphasis  on  a  revision  of  the  system  of  accounting.  A 
representative  was  employed  whose  entire  time  was  given  to  the  interests  of  the  advertising 
department  of  the  several  journals,  and  it  may  be  said  that  the  faithful  work  of  Mr.  Flood 
opened  the  field  for  the  more  extensive  enterprises  which  have  since  been  undertaken.  In 
January,  1900,  Mr.  Flood  was  succeeded  by  the  present  Director.  Since  that  time  attention 
has  been  given  especially  to  the  publishing  interests  of  The  Press,  to  perfecting  the  system  of 
purchasing  laboratory  supplies  and  equipment,  and  to  the  differentiation  of  the  various  lines 
of  work  operating  on  separate  bases. 

In  the  spring  of  1900  several  members  of  the  Administrative  Board  resigned,  making  new 
appointments  necessary.     Since  July  1,  1900,   the  Board  has  been  constituted  as  follows: 


294 


The  President's  Report 


President  William  R.  Harper,  Chairman;  the  Recorder,  ex  officio,  as  Secretary;  the  Director  of 
The  University  Press,  ex  officio;  and  Messrs.  Thomas  C.  Chamberlin,  John  M.  Coulter, 
J.  Laurence  Laughlin,  Albion  W.  Small,  George  E.  Hale,  Shailer  Mathews,  George  E.  Vincent, 
James  R.  Angell,  Ernst  Freund,  and  Francis  W.  Shepardson. 

III.    DEVELOPMENT  OP  THE  WORK 
I.    GENERAL 

Before  entering  upon  a  detailed  statement  of  the  operations  of  the  several  departments  of 
The  University  Press,  as  they  exist  at  the  present  time,  it  will  be  of  interest  to  survey  the 
results  of  the  work  for  the  ten  years  as  a  whole. 

Brief  mention  has  been  made  above  of  the  plans  developed  under  private  control  during 
the  first  two  years  of  the  University's  existence.  The  expenses  to  the  University  of  the  opera- 
tions of  the  period  amounted  to  $104,523.72.  The  income  from  appropriations  and  receipts 
amounted  to  $94,243.55,  which  left  a  deficit  of  $10,280.17.  During  this  time  very  little  attention 
was  given  to  the  development  of  a  publishing  organization.  The  routine  printing  of  the  Uni- 
versity, and  other  manufacturing  interests,  together  with  the  collection  of  the  subscriptions  of 
five  periodicals,  which  had  been  undertaken,  and  the  purchasing  of  library  books  and  labora- 
tory supplies  and  equipment,  employed  the  energies  of  those  engaged  in  the  work.  It  was  left 
for  the  management  under  University  control  to  solve  the  difficult  problems  of  publishing  which 
must  be  the  ultimate  aim  of  a  University  Press. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  third  year,  July  1,  1894,  when  the  University  assumed  ownership 
of  The  University  Press,  the  valuation  of  its  properties  was  estimated  at  about  $19,000.  This 
included  the  plant  of  the  mechanical  department,  a  stock  of  books  and  stationery,  and  the 
publication  rights  in  the  few  books  and  journals  which  had  been  undertaken.  Under  the 
new  conditions  the  work  of  the  next  two  years  was  largely  experimental,  as  had  been  that  of 
the  first  two  years,  and,  as  may  have  been  expected,  the  operations  were  conducted  at  a  financial 
loss. 

The  years  1896-97  and  1897-98  mark  a  development  in  organization,  but  while  great 
advance  was  made  in  effectiveness,  financial  conditions  did  not  improve.  At  the  close  of  the 
year  1898-99  the  expenses  had  reached  $167,290.95,  with  receipts  amounting  to  $162,955.84, 
leaving  a  deficit  for  the  single  year  of  $4,335.11.  At  this  point  the  adoption  of  certain  econo- 
mies in  operation  brought  about  a  marked  improvement  in  the  financial  showing  for  the  first 
half  of  the  next  year,  with  the  result  that  the  year  ending  June  30,  1900,  showed  a  net  gain  of 
$2,553.12,  the  receipts  for  the  period  being  $167,907.47,  with  expenses  amounting  to  $165,354.35. 
Since  that  date  it  has  been  possible  to  maintain  a  creditable  financial  record,  and  the  year 
ending  June  30,  1902,  resulted  in  a  net  gain  of  $3,685.16.  The  volume  of  business  was  consid- 
erable, the  receipts  being  $242,994.17,  with  expenses  amounting  to  $239,309.01. 

The  following  comparative  statement  will  be  of  interest  as  showing  the  volume  of  business 
and  financial  outcome  for  the  past  four  years : 


Year 

Receipts 

Expenses 

Results 

1898-1899 

1899-1900 

1900-1901 

1901-1902 

$162,955.84 
167,907.47 
158,681.80 
242,994.17 

$167,290.95 
165,454.35 
157,512.06 
239,309.01 

$4,335.11  loss 
2,453.12  gain 
1,169.74  gain 
3,685.16  gain 

The  University  Press  295 


The  status  of  the  business  as  a  whole  may  be  ascertained  from  the  following  statements 

for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1902: 

TABLE  II 
Expenses  and  Earnings  foe  the  Year  Ending  June  30, 1902 

Expenses : 

Inventory  June  30, 1901 $  19,773.58 

Work  in  progress  June  30, 1901 '   2,844.36 

Manufacturing  plant  depreciation       - 1,169.08 

Purchases,  stock,  merchandise,  equipment,  etc. 136,968  10 

Pay-roll 35,641.86 

General  expense 41,880.79 

Rent 625.14 

Repairs 140.00 

Heat 256.10 

Gain 3,685.16 

Earnings: 

From  University  Journals $36,978.72 

From  University  Departments 108,284.94 

Inventory  work  in  progress 6,362 .  89 

From  sundry  accounts 63,449.07 

Inventories  merchandise  and  stock 27,908.55 

$242,984.17  $242,984.17 
TABLE  111 
Assets  and  Liabilities  June  30,  1902 

Assets: 

Cash $  1,330.73 

Inventory  stock,  Retail  Department -  13,708.21 

Manufacturing  Department  10,521.77 

Inventory  stock,  Manufacturing  Department 2,621.99 

Inventory  work  in  progress,  Manufacturing  Department     ...        -        6,362.89 

Furniture 797.74 

Inventory  stock,  Publishing  Department 11,578.35 

Chicago  Post-Office  deposit 200.00 

Accounts  receivable 15,363.80 

Liabilities: 

The  University  of  Chicago3 $62,485.48 

$62,485.48     $62,485.48 

It  is  natural  to  expect  iu  developing  any  new  business  undertaking  that  satisfactory 
organization  will  be  reached  only  through  a  series  of  readjustments.  This  has  been  especially 
true  in  the  history  of  The  University  Press,  and  definite  policy,  so  far  as  it  exists  at  present,  is 
the  result  of  experience.  Authority  for  the  existing  management  of  affairs  is  found  in  the 
Constitution,  which  is  a  formulation  of  enactments  of  the  Board  of  Trustees.  The  document 
is  intended  as  a  guide  in  conducting  the  business  and  has  been  constructed  to  meet  conditions 
as  they  have  arisen.    The  text  of  the  Constitution  is  as  follows: 

ARTICLE    I 

1.   The  general  organization  of  the  work  of  The  University  of  Chicago  Press  shall  be  as  follows: 
A.    Manufacturing  Department. 
To  include: 

a)  Composition  and  press  work  at  first  hand. 

b)  Composition  and  press  work  at  second  hand. 

c)  The  manufacturing  of  books,  stationery,  etc. 

d)  Purchase  of  stock,  supplies,  and  necessary  additions  to  plant. 

3  In  an  independent  business  the  account  known  as  The  University  of  Chicago  would  be  divided  in  Capital,  Profit 
and  Loss,  and  Accounts  Payable. 


296  The  President's  Report 

B.  The  Publication  Department. 
To  include: 

a)  The  publication  of  the  University  journals. 

b)  The  publication  of  all  University  literature,  e.  g.,  the  Register,  Circular  of  Information, 
etc. 

c)  The  publication  of  books,  pamphlets,  etc. 

d)  The  publication  of  books,  pamphlets,  or  periodicals  for  others. 

C.  Purchase  and  Retail  Department. 
To  include: 

a)  The  purchase  and  sale  of  books  for  the  retail  trade. 

6)  The  purchase  and  delivery  of  books  for  the  general  and  departmental  libraries. 

c)  The  purchase  and  delivery  of  stationery  and  supplies  for  the  offices  and  Departments  of 
the  University. 

d)  The  purchase  and  delivery  of  permanent  laboratory  equipment,  specimens,  etc.,  and  of  cur- 
rent laboratory  supplies. 

ARTICLE    II 

1.  All  orders  and  purchases  fulling  within  the  scope  of  Article  I  shall  be  made  in  the  name  of  the 
University  of  Chicago. 

2.  All  assistants  and  employees  necessary  for  carrying  on  the  work  as  specified  in  Article  I  and  as 
indicated  in  Schedules  A,  B,  C,  and  D,  attached  hereto,  shall  be  employed  by  the  Director  with  the 
consent  and  approval  of  the  President  of  the  University. 

ARTICLE    III 

1.    The  following  regulations  shall  be  established  for  the  conduct  of  the  Manufacturing  Department : 

A.  It  shall  be  understood,  for  all  work  involving  expense  to  the  University,  that  a  special  appro- 
priation shall  be  made  covering  the  cost  of  the  same,  and  that  no  copy  shall  be  accepted  or 
work  undertaken  to  be  charged  to  any  department  that  is  not  accompanied  by  the  proper 
requisition,  which  requisition  shall  be  signed  by  the  Secretary  of  the  University  and  shall 
state  specifically  the  Department  or  appropriation  to  which  the  job  of  work  is  to  be  charged. 

B.  For  all  University  work  a  separate  bill  for  each  job  shall  be  given  indicating  to  which  Depart- 
ment it  is  to  be  charged. 

C.  The  price  of  work  on  all  jobs  shall  be  reckoned  to  include  (a)  the  actual  cost  of  the  same,  (b) 
the  salaries  of  the  superintendent  and  bookkeeper  of  the  Manufacturing  Department,  after 
which  18  per  cent,  shall  be  added  to  the  work  actually  done  in  connection  with  the  Press 
plant  (8  per  cent,  of  the  same  being  the  proportionate  percentage  of  the  40  per  cent,  of  the  gen- 
eral salaries  and  10  per  cent,  of  the  same  being  for  the  maintenance  of  the  Manufacturing 
Department),  and  further  that  10  per  cent,  be  added  to  the  outside  cost  on  each  job  (8  per 
cent,  being  the  proportionate  percentage  of  the  general  salaries  and  2  per  cent,  for  general 
expense). 

D.  A  finished  copy  of  every  job  shall  be  preserved  in  the  office  of  The  Press,  and  every  job  shall 
bear  an  office  number. 

E.  Contracts  for  presswork,  binding,  etc.,  shall  be  made  upon  a  basis  of  bids  submitted  to  the 
Director. 

F.  The  wages  of  compositors  and  other  workmen  in  this  department  shall  be  paid  weekly. 

G.  Of  the  general  salaries  as  per  Schedule  A,  hereunto  attached,  40  per  cent,  shall  bo  charged  to 
this  Department,  together  with  all  the  special  salaries  of  the  superintendent  and  bookkeeper 
of  the  Manufacturing  Department,  and  10  per  cent,  of  the  bill  clerk. 

H.    A  monthly  report  of  the  business  shall  be  submitted  to  the  President  of  the  University. 

ARTICLE    IV 

1.    The  following  regulations  shall  be  established  for  the  conduct  of  the  Publication  Department : 
A.     It  shall  be  understood  that  this  department  shall  be  responsible  for  the  business  management 
of  the  various  University  journals  and  for  diligent  and  active  efforts,  in  connection  with  the 
editors  of  the  same,  to  increaso  the  circulation  and  advertising  patronage  of  each ;  and  further 


The  University  Press  297 


that  this  department  shall  be  responsible  for  the  business  management  of  all  publication  enter- 
prises which  may  bo  entered  into  from  timo  to  time. 

B.  Copyrights  shall  be  procured  by  the  Director  in  the  name  of  the  University  of  Chicago. 

C.  Of  the  general  salaries  as  per  Schedule  A,  hereunto  attached,  40  per  cent,  together  with  the 
salaries  of  the  subscription  clerks  and  advertising  representatives,  and  10  per  cent,  of  the  sal- 
ary of  the  bill  clerk  shall  be  charged  to  this  department. 

D.  A  monthly  report  of  the  business  shall  be  submitted  to  the  President  of  the  University. 

article  v 
1.    The   following   regulations  shall   be   established   for   the   conduct  of  the   Purchase   and   Retail 
Department : 

A.  The  Director  shall  have  authority  to  order  such  books,  stationery,  supplies  and  equipment  as 
in  his  judgment  are  needed  from  time  to  time  to  supply  the  retail  trade. 

B.  In  general  the  selling  price  of  books  to  the  retail  trade  shall  be  12  per  cent,  above  the  cost 
price,  the  latter  to  include  transportation  charges. 

C.  Purchases  to  be  charged  to  any  department  of  the  University  shall  be  made  in  accordance  with 
regulations  specified  from  time  to  time,  and  it  shall  be  understood  that  books  for  the  general 
and  departmental  libraries,  and  equipment  and  supplies  for  the  laboratories,  and  supplies  for 
the  offices  and  various  departments,  shall  be  billed  at  an  increase  of  5  per  cent,  over  the  cost 
price,  the  latter  to  include  transportation  charges. 

D.  Of  the  general  salaries  as  per  Schedule  A,  hereunto  attached,  together  with  the  salary  of  the 
chief  clerk  of  the  Purchase  and  Retail  Department,  and  all  other  special  salaries  as  per  Schedule 
D,  hereunto  attached,  and  20  per  cent,  of  the  salary  of  the  bill  clerk,  shall  be  charged  to  this 
department. 

E.  A  monthly  report  of  the  business  shall  be  submitted  to  the  President  of  the  University. 

GENERAL   AND    SPECIAL    SALARIES 

Schedule  A 
(General  Salaries) 
The  Director.  First  stenographer. 

Head  bookkeeper.  Second  stenographer. 

Assistant  bookkeeper.  Shipping  and  mailing  clerk. 

Schedule  R 
(Special  Manufacturing  Department  Salaries) 
Superintendent.  Bill  clerk,  10  per  cent. 

Record  keeper.  Foreman  and  the  regular  weekly  pay-roll  of 

plant  employees. 
Schedule  C 
(Special  Publication  Department  Salaries) 
Subscription  clerks.  Bill  clerk,  10  per  cent. 

Advertising  representatives. 

Schedule  D 
(Special  Retail  and  Purchase  Department  Salaries) 
Chief  clerk.  Bill  clerk,  10  per  cent. 

Assistant  clerk.  Foreign  periodical  expert. 

Messenger.  Purchasing  agent  for  laboratory  supplies  and 

equipment. 

II.    MANUFACTURING    DEPARTMENT 
The  valuation  of  the  equipment  of  the  Manufacturing  Department  July  1, 1894,  amounted 
to  $12,364.65.     Subsequent  purchases  made  to  June  30,  1902,  brought  the  total  amount  of  the 
expenditures  up  to  $20,732.23.     Deductions  were  made  during  the  time  to  profit  and  loss  on 


298  The  President's  Repoet 

account  of  depreciation,  etc.,  so  that  at  the  close  of  the  decennium  the  inventory  shows  a  net 
valuation  of  $10,521.77.  The  equipment  is  represented  largely  in  the  composing-room,  where  a 
most  complete  outfit  has  been  collected.  The  main  dress  of  the  body  letter  is  old  style, 
the  fonts  of  different  sizes  approximating  the  following  weights:  12  point,  1,000  pounds; 
11  point,  8,000  pounds;  10  point,  10,000  pounds;  9  point,  2,000  pounds;  8  point,  3,000 
pounds,  and  6  point,  3,000  pounds.  In  addition  should  be  mentioned  a  smaller  dress 
of  modern  body  type,  amounting,  in  the  aggregate  of  the  several  sizes,  to  about  8,000  pounds. 
The  plant  is  provided  also  with  large  fonts  of  Greek  in  five  sizes,  Hebrew  in  two  sizes,  Nesto- 
rian  Syriac,  Arabic,  Ethiopic,  etc.,  and  with  many  special  mathematical,  astronomical,  paleo- 
graphic,  and  linguistic  signs  and  accents.  Through  the  latter  means  The  University  Press  has 
made  a  record  for  its  ability  to  produce  work  impossible  in  almost  any  other  printing  plant  in 
the  West.  Preparatory  to  executing  the  mechanical  work  in  connection  with  the  Decennial 
Publications  of  the  University,  plans  are  being  made  to  lay  the  foundation  for  a  complete  dress 
of  modern  body  type,  and  sufficient  quantities  have  been  purchased  to  meet  the  immediate 
needs  of  the  work. 

The  following  statements  show  the  operations  of  the  Department  since  the  responsibility 
for  the  same  was  assumed  by  the  University : 

TABLE  IV 

Statement  of  Original  Cost  of  Manufacturing  Plant  and  Additions  Thereto 

1894,  May  15,  Original  purchase        ----------  812,364.69 

May  15  to  June  30, 1894        -------  387.79 

Fiscal  year  1894-1895                 ...                 494.83 

"      1895-1896            ----------  1,585.66 

"      1896-1897        -----------  1,514.37 

"      1897-1898            ----------  1,062.09 

"      1898-1899        -----------  713.92 

"      1899-1900            ----------  448.85 

"      1900-1901        ----- 224.98 

"      1901-1902            ----------  1,935.05 


Deductions : 

By  charge  to  "profit  and  loss"  account  depreciation: 

June  30, 1899       - $1,812.33 

"      1900           ------------  1,675.98 

"       1901       -------- 1,083.98 

"       1902           ------------  1,169.08 

By  charge  to  capital  account  June  30,  1901 -  4,469.09 


820,732.23 


810,210.46 
1902,  June  30,  inventory  810,521.77 

TABLE  V 

Statement  of  Printing  Stock  on  Hand  and  Work  in  Progress  July  1  Each  Year 

1894,  July  1,  inventory  -  8  845.84 

1895    "     "  3,422.91 

6,598.60 
1897    "     "  6,899.07 


1900 
1901 


12,024.34 
9,041.86 

13,264.72 
5,187.30 


1902    "     " 8,829.27 


The  University  Pres 


299 


TABLE  VI 
Summary  of  Profit  and  Loss 


Period 

Profit 

Loss 

May  15, 1894,  to  June  30, 1895 

$1,405.21 
2,296.95 

'  276.44 
1,156.88 

$2,414.49 

Fiscal  year  1895-1896 

2,251.09 

"         "      1896-1897  

"         "      1897  1898  .  . . 

"     1898-1899  

3,906.40 

"         "      1899  1900  . . . 

9.14 

"      1900-1901  

"     1901-1902  

Total 

$5,135.48 

$8,581.12 

Net  loss 

3,445.64 

TABLE  VII 
Statement  of  Receipts,  Expenses  and  Results,  1900-1  and  1901-2 


Year 

Receipts 

Expenses 

Results 

1900-1901  

$68,045.87 
90,543.93 

$67,769.43 
89,387.05 

$   276.44  gain 
1,156.88    " 

1901-1902  

III.    PUBLICATION  DEPARTMENT 

Prior  to  July  1, 1900,  no  attempt  had  been  made  toward  the  establishment  of  a  Publication 
Department  on  a  separate  basis.  Sales  had  been  carried  on  through  the  Purchase  and  Ketail 
Department,  but  the  arrangement  was  found  to  be  extremely  unsatisfactory.  During  the  year 
1900-1901  the  publication  business,  as  such,  was  divorced  from  the  Purchase  and  Retail  Depart- 
ment and  put  under  separate  management.  The  wisdom  of  this  procedure  has  been  demon- 
strated, and  it  is  believed,  with  the  plans  which  are  now  being  followed,  that  the  Department  will 
become  one  of  the  most  important  lines  of  activity  yet  entered  upon.  While  the  financial 
gain  of  the  past  two  years  has  not  been  great,  it  shows  the  possibilities  which  lie  in  the  field 
of  the  Department.  It  must  always  be  true  that  much  of  the  material  published  by  a 
University  Press  will  not  be  self-sustaining  from  a  financial  standpoint.  The  responsi- 
bility for  issuing  publications  of  this  sort  must  always  rest  with  the  University  itself,  and 
the  problem  of  The  University  Press  will  be  that  of  distributing  in  the  most  economical 
way.  The  first  step  in  the  organization  of  the  Department  was  the  preparation  of  a  catalogue 
announcing  the  titles  of  all  books  previously  issued.  This  appeared  February  1, 1901.  Many 
of  the  more  recently  issued  books  will  show  a  profit,  and  it  is  probable  that  the  entire 
investment  in  separate  books  and  pamphlets  made  up  to  this  time  can  be  cared  for  eventually 
without  financial  loss  to  the  University. 

The  following  statement  shows  the  output  of  books  and  pamphlets  by  fiscal  years,  begin- 
ning July  1,  1892  : 

TABLE  VIII 
1892-1893    ------      2      1898-1899    ------    22 

1893-1894        -----  3      1899-1900        28 

1894-1895    ------    11      1900-1901    -        28 

1895-1896        -----  8      1901-1902        -----         40 

1896-1897    ------    31  

1897-1898        ---..         27  Total 20° 


300  The  President's  Report 

The  following  conspectus  of  the  output  by  allied  groups  will  be  of  interest : 
TABLE  IX 
Philosophy  and  Psychology  --------    10 

Education  ----------  41 

Theology  and  Religion 7 

Political  Economy,  Political  Science,  and  Sociology      -  31 

History -  7 

Languages  and  Literatures     ------  44 

Natural  Sciences  ------  ...    58 

Miscellaneous   -----  -  -2 

Total        -        - -  -        -        -  200 

A  comparative  statement  of  the  financial  results  of  the  last  two  years  is  shown  in  the  fol- 
lowing table  : 

table  x 


Year 

Receipts 

Expenses 

Results 

1900-1901  

1901-1902  

8  8,861.93 
17,862.62 

$  8,369.77 
17,423.38 

$492.16  gain 
439.24    " 

The  largest  undertaking  yet  entered  upon  by  The  University  Press  in  connection  with  its 
Publication  Department  is  a  series  of  volumes  to  be  issued  for  the  University  in  commemoration 
of  the  completion  of  the  first  ten  years  of  academic  work.  These  volumes,  announced  as  the 
Decennial  Publications  of  the  University  of  Chicago,  are  authorized  by  special  action  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees,  and  edited  by  a  committee  of  the  Faculty,  of  which  Professor  Edward  Capps 
is  the  chairman.  The  plans  contemplate  two  series  of  cloth-bound  books;  the  first  quarto,  the 
second  octavo.  The  First  Series  includes  two  volumes  of  Reports  and  eight  volumes  of  Inves- 
tigations, the  latter  consisting  of  a  collection  of  articles  representing  the  work  of  research  of  the 
several  Departments  of  the  University  organized  during  the  decennium.  The  Second  Series 
includes  eighteen  separate  volumes,  embodying  original  research  and  consisting  of  systematic 
treatises,  unpublished  documents,  and  collections  of  articles  on  allied  subjects. 

Preprints  from  Vols.  VII  and  IX,  respectively  (First  Series),  have  recently  appeared, 
namely,  "  On  the  Text  of  Chaucer's  Parlement  of  Foules,"  by  Eleanor  Prescott  Hammond,  and 
"The  Velocity  of  Light,"  by  Professor  Albert  A.  Michelson.  The  work  as  a  whole  is  well 
under  way,  and  will  probably  extend  over  several  years,  involving  an  expenditure,  including  the 
cost  of  manufacturing  and  publication,  of  about  $75,000.  The  expense  of  the  First  Series  will 
probably  represent  a  direct  contribution  of  the  University,  as  it  is  not  expected  that  the  general 
sales  of  the  volumes  will  be  large.  The  books  of  the  Second  Series,  however,  in  almost  every 
instance,  have  a  special  constituency  to  which  they  appeal,  and  the  sales  of  these  are  expected 
to  reimburse  the  University  for  a  large  portion  of  the  total  expenditure  involved  in  carrying  out 
the  plans. 

An  important  line  of  work  connected  with  the  Publication  Department  lies  in  the  field  of 
the  departmental  periodicals.  These  journals  have  formed  one  of  the  chief  features  of  the 
Press  from  the  beginning,  the  aggregate  number  of  pages  in  all  having  averaged  about  eight 
thousand  per  year.  The  work  includes  at  present  the  management  of  the  subscription  and 
advertising  departments  of  ten  periodicals  and  one  quarterly  magazine  published  on  contract. 

During  the  first  fiscal  year  publication  of  the  following  journals  was  undertaken  :  the 
Journal  of  Political  Economy,  the  Journal  of  Geology,  the  American  Journal  of  Semitic 
Languages  and  Literatures  (continuing  Hebraica),  the  Biblical  World,  and  the  University 


The  University  Press 


301 


Extension  World.  The  list  was  continued  during  the  second  year,  1893-94,  and  during  1894-95 
the  American  Journal  of  Sociology  and  the  Astrophysical  Journal  were  established.  During 
this  year  the  University  Extension  World  was  discontinued.  In  1895  96  publication  of  the 
School  Revieiv,  the  Botanical  Gazette,  and  the  American  Journal  of  Theology  was  inaugu- 
rated, together  with  Terrestrial  Magnetism,  which  was  published  for  one  year.  Since  that 
date  the  list  of  journals  has  remained  the  same,  with  the  addition  of  a  series  of  "  Constructive 
Bible  Studies"  which  was  issued  during  1899-1900.  During  this  year  the  publication  of  the 
Manual  Training  Magazine,  a  quarterly,  was  assumed  on  contract. 

While  allowances  for  meeting  the  expenses  of  the  journals  have  been  liberal,  it  has  been 
found  impossible,  with  the  enlarging  scope,  to  keep  them  within  their  several  appropriations, 
and  in  this  connection  it  is  to  be  said  that  The  University  Press  has  contributed  materially 
toward  the  administrative  support  of  the  journals,  aside  from  carrying  its  other  financial  bur- 
dens.    The  following  figures  will  be  of  interest  in  this  connection: 


Year 

Appropriation 

Cost 

Overcharge 

Receipts 

Excess  Cost  over 
Receipts 

1898-1899 

$38,600.00 
40,100.00 
39,600.00 
41,100.00 

$40,671.92 
40,673.73 
42,403.04 
46,358.92 

$2,071.92 

573.73 

2,803.04 

5,258.92 

$17,815.42 
17,670.01 
23,795.82 
24,136.38 

$22,856.50 

1899-1900 

1900-1901 

1901-1902 

23,003.72 
18,607.22 
22,222.54 

Aside  from  the  activities,  already  noted,  of  the  Publication  Department,  the  handling  of 
University  Extension  Syllabi,  Reading  Lists,  Tracts,  Circulars,  etc.,  has  formed  an  important 
feature  of  the  business.  The  j:>ublications  of  the  University  Extension  Division  now  number 
more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  titles,  and  the  work  connected  therewith  has  to  do  with  the 
care  of  the  stock,  the  shipping  of  syllabi  on  special  orders  to  University  Extension  lecture 
centers,  the  collection  of  all  moneys  due,  etc. 

Another  important  feature  is  the  handling  of  all  official  documents  of  the  University. 
This  list  now  includes  the  miscellaneous  circulars  and  departmental  programs,  the  President's 
Report,  the  Annual  Register,  the  University  Record,  the  Weekly  Calendar,  the  Bulletin  of 
Information,  the  Circular  of  Information,  and  the  Announcements. 

The  President's  Report  has  been  published  in  two  volumes  as  follows: 

TABLE  XII 

1897-98       -  -        -        -  viii  +  261  pages 

1898-99  -  xl  +  224     " 

The  Annual  Register  has  been  published  as  follows: 

TABLE  XIII 

1892-93       -        -        -        -        -  -    vii +  244; 

1893-94  -        -        -        -        -        -  vii  +  315 

1894-95                                -        -  -    vii +  399 

1895-96  -        -        -        -        -        -  vii  +  440 

1896-97       -        -        -        -        -  -    vii  +  444 

1897-98  -                                         -  viii  +  480 

1898-99                                        -  -  viii  +  501 

1899-00  -        -                ...  Viii  4-  471 

1900-01       ------  viii  +  490 

1901-02  ------  viii  +  543 


302 


The  President's  Report 


The  University  Record,  edited  by  the  Kecorder  of  the  University,  is  published  monthly. 

The  Weekly  Calendar,  edited  by  the  Recorder  of  the  University,  is  published  forty-five 
times  a  year  during  the  scholastic  sessions. 

The  Bulletin  of  Information,  edited  by  the  Recorder  of  the  University,  is  published  six 
times  a  year. 

The  Circular  of  Information,  edited  by  the  Recorder  of  the  University,  is  published  five 
times  a  year. 

The  Announcements,  edited  by  the  Recorder  of  the  University,  is  published  eight  times 
a  year. 

IV.   PURCHASE  AND  RETAIL  DEPARTMENT 

Through  the  Purchase  and  Retail  Department  all  purchases  of  library  books  and  labora- 
tory supplies  and  equipment,  are  negotiated,  and  stationery  and  office  supplies  for  the  various 
Departments  of  the  University  are  furnished.  A  book  and  stationery  store  for  the  convenience 
of  patrons  is  maintained,  and  a  depository  for  laboratory  supplies  is  conducted,  although  goods 
are  never  sold  through  the  latter  agency.  The  following  statements  show  the  results  of  the 
operations  of  the  Department  for  the  period  covered  by  University  control: 

TABLE  XIV 
Statement  op  the  Condition  of  the  Stock  from  July  1,  1894,  to  July  1,  1902 

July  1,  1894,  inventory                  -         -         -  $7,009.92 

"      1895,         "            ....  8,410.24 

"      1896,         "                ...        .  10,450.59 

"      1897,         "            ....  7,754.73 

"      1898,         "                ....  9,163.94 

"      1899,         "            ....  9,091.00 

"      1900,         "                ....  11,550.14 

"      1901,         "            ....  10,634.70 

"      1902,         "                -        -                 -  14,505.95 

TABLE  XV 
Summary  of  Profit  and  Loss 


Period 

Profit 

Loss 

May  15, 1894,  to  June  30,  1895 

81,608.78 
3,522.29 

2,868  .'71 

911.46 

1,718.76 

Fiscal  year,  1895-96 

"     1896-97 

"          "     1897  98   . . 

$4,504.49 
694.52 

"          "     1898  99  . . 

44.93 

"     1899-00 

"     1900-01 

"     1901-02 

Totals 

$10,630.00 

$5,243.94 

Net  profit 

$5,386.06 

The  experience  of  the  past  three  years  demonstrates  conclusively  that  it  is  possible  to 
operate  the  Department  at  a  profit.  Should  the  present  arrangement  be  continued,  however,  it 
will  be;  necessary  for  one  portion  of  the  business  to  contribute  practically  the  entire  administra- 
tive support  to  the  other  line,  which  is  distinctly  different,  namely,  the  administration  of  the 
work  connected  with  the  distribution  of  laboratory  supplies  and  equipment.  In  order  that  the 
results  of  these  two  lines  may  be  differentiated,  it  has  been  thought  wise  to  arrange  for  a  division 


The  University  Press  303 


of  the  Department  into  two  operating  upon  separate  bases.  The  arrangement  will  provide  for 
the  Retail  Department,  which  will  retain  the  business  connected  with  the  retailing  of  books  and 
stationery  and  the  purchase  of  library  books,  and  for  the  Laboratory  Supply  Department,  which 
will  have  charge  of  the  purchase  and  distribution  among  the  laboratories  of  all  supplies  and 
equipment. 

IV.    CONCLUSION 

In  a  report  of  this  character  many  of  the  details  which  have  entered  into  the  history  of  the 
organization  must  of  necessity  be  omitted.  It  is  fair  to  say,  however,  that  The  Press  has 
already  demonstrated  its  value  as  a  factor  in  the  development  of  the  University.  Much  has  been 
accomplished,  and  much  remains  to  be  accomplished.  The  generous  support  which  has  been 
extended  to  the  undertaking  gives  ground  for  the  belief  that  the  founders  of  the  University 
planned  well  when  this  feature  of  the  new  institution  was  provided ;  and  we  believe  that  The 
University  Press  is  only  on  the  threshold  of  its  usefulness  to  the  scholastic  world. 

At  the  close  of  the  first  decennium  the  management  is  looking  forward  to  the  fulfilment  of 
plans  which  will  provide  for  the  housing  of  the  several  departments  under  one  roof.  A  fireproof 
building,  costing  $110,000,  is  nearing  completion  at  the  corner  of  Ellis  avenue  and  Fifty-eighth 
street,  which  will  eventually  be  devoted  entirely  to  the  interests  of  publishing.  The  basement 
and  the  first  and  fourth  floors  will  be  occupied  immediately,  while  the  second  and  third  floors 
will  be  temporarily  utilized  for  other  University  purposes.  The  space  alloted  to  The  Press  in 
the  new  structure  will  provide  only  for  immediate  necessities.  The  whole  building  will  be 
needed  very  soon  to  provide  retail,  stock,  and  administrative  quarters,  and  for  an  enlargement 
of  the  mechanical  equipment,  so  that  all  manufacturing  excepting  photo-engraving,  lithograph- 
ing, electrotyping,  and  edition  bookbinding  may  be  executed.  Looking  into  the  not  far  distant 
f uture,  it  is  to  be  expected  that  all  of  these  activities  will  be  entered  upon,  together  with  under- 
taking to  manufacture  some  materials  and  equipments,  as,  for  example,  printing  inks  and, 
possibly,  founding  the  type  needed  in  the  work.  An  immediate  investment  to  the  extent  of 
$25,000  is  contemplated,  which  amount,  in  addition  to  the  present  plant,  will  provide  typesetting 
machines  and  book  presses  of  the  latest  invention,  folding,  stitching,  and  sewing  machines  for 
book  work,  new  dresses  of  job  and  body  type,  and  an  equipment  for  doing  job  bookbinding  and 
library  repairing. 

An  important  need  of  The  University  Press  remains  to  be  cared  for,  namely,  a  working 
capital  of  sufficient  magnitude  to  enable  the  management  to  conduct  the  growing  business 
without  the  necessity  of  asking  credit  beyond  the  terms  ordinarily  granted  business  houses,  and 
without  embarrassment  to  the  University  budget  appropriations.  With  a  definite  working 
capital  it  will  be  possible  for  the  affairs  to  be  conducted  at  a  material  saving;  and,  with  the 
situation  met  and  adjusted,  The  University  Press  is  in  a  position  to  go  on  to  even  greater 
things  than  have  been  accomplished  in  the  past. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

Newman  Miller,  Director. 


(  fit  if  lord  : 

PAMPHLET  BINDER 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 


3  0112  111531874 


